Table of contents
Preface to the series
Acknowledgements

Introduction: Pragmatics and praxis
Jan-Ola Östman
1. Praxis
2. Practical linguistics
3. ‘Pragmatics in practice’
3.1 Everyday language use in practice
3.2 Language and ethics
3.3 Pragmatic adaptability in practice
3.4 Linguistics ‘applied’
4. Towards responsibility in practice

Applied Linguistics
Britt-Louise Gunnarsson
1. Introduction
2. The educational setting
2.1 Child language and early literacy
2.2 Classroom interaction
2.3 Second and foreign language testing
2.4 Teaching methodology and language testing
2.5 Schooling and society
3. The economic-technical setting
3.1 Improving written documents
3.2 Studies of discourse in organizations
4. Legal and bureaucratic settings
4.1 Comprehensibility of legal and bureaucratic language
4.2 Asymmetries in court and police encounters
4.3 Forensic linguistics
5. The medical-social setting
6. The workplace
6.1 Workplace interaction
6.2 Conflicts and negotiations
6.3 Discourse and technology
7. Science and the academic setting
7.1 The sociological-rhetorical study of scientific discourse
7.2 The study of academic genres and writing
7.3 Spoken discourse within academia
8. Conclusion

Autheticity
Martin Gill
1. Introduction
2. Historical background
3. Understanding the concept
3.1 Properties of authenticity
3.2 Establishing authenticity
3.3 Experiencing authenticity
4. Authenticity and language
4.1 The Romantic legacy
4.2 Authenticating language
5. Conclusions

Clinical pragmatics
Michael R. Perkins
1. The scope of clinical pragmatics
2. Theoretical issues
2.1 Is pragmatic impairment a neurological, cognitive or behavioural phenomenon?
2.2 Modular vs interactionist theories of pragmatics impairment
3. Describing pragmatic impairment
3.1 Pragmatic profiles
3.2 Pragmatic theories and frameworks
3.3 Neuropragmatics
3.4 Cognitive pragmatics
4. The range of pragmatic impairments
4.1 Primary pragmatic impairment
4.2 Secondary pragmatic impairment
5. Clinical pragmatics and pragmatic theory

Computer-mediated communication
Alenxandra-Georgakopoulou
1. Introduction
2. CMC between speaking and writing
3. Play and performance
4. Communities
5. Self-presentation and identities
6. Conclusion

Contrastive analysis
Katarzyna Jaszczolt
1. The contrastive enterprise
2. The unit of comparison
3. The method
4. The scope
5. Macro-contrastive analysis
6. Applications

Corpus analysis
Jan Aarts
1. Introduction
2. Corpus design and typology
3. Corpus use and annotation
4. Some websites and journals
4.1 Corpus distribution centers
4.2 General information with links to other sites
4.3 Copora
4.4 Software
4.5 Journals

Emphasis
Gerda Eva Laurebach
1. Definition, problems
2. Emphasis in rhetoric and stylistics; background norm, markedness, saliance
3. Resource of emphasis
4. Practices of emphazing
5. Resources and practices of emphasis beyond language
6. Emphasis on social macro level, further questions

Eror analysis
Håkan Ringbom
1. Introduction
2. Identification of errors
3. Description and classification of errors
4. Explanations of errors
5. Limitations

General semantics
Keith Allan

Irony
Rachel Giora
1. Definitions of irony
2. Irony comprehension
3. The function(s) of irony
4. Irony processing in partial implementation
4.1 Developmental aspects of irony comprehension
4.2 Hemispheric perspectives of irony comprehension
5. Future avenues of research

Language ecology
Tove Skutnabb-Kangas
1. Introduction
2. Diversities – definition, status and threats
2.1 Linguistic diversity
2.2 Biological/ecological diversity
2.3 Threats to diversities
3. Relationship between linguistic diversity and biodiversity
3.1 A correlational relationship
3.2 Towards causality in biocultural/biolinguistic relationship
3.3 Traditional ecological knowledge encoded in small (indigenous and local) languages and its dissapearance
3.4 Processes in the disappearance of traditional knowledge through hierarchisation of languages and knowledges in education
4. Work to counteract ecolinguistic threats and promote the survival of diversities
5. To conclude

Language policy, language planning and standardization
Robert K. Herbert
1. Introduction and definitions
2. Language choice
3. Standardization
4. The social context of policy decisions
5. Conclusion


Language and the law
Philipp Sebastian Angermeyer
1. Introduction
2. Methodologies and data sources
3. Legal discourse
3.1 Turn-taking and question-answer sequence
3.2 Legal-lay discourse
3.3 Legal discourse in intercultural and multilingual contexts
4. Speech act theory and Grice’s theory of conversational implicature
5. Conclusion


Literacy
Jenny Cook-Gumperz
1. Literacy versus illiteracy – Literacy versus orality: Are the oppositions?
2. Alternative literacies
3. Literacy and social memory: The great divide in social organization
4. Literacy and thought: Issues of the transmission of knowledge
5. Literacies of schooling or a ‘schooled literacy’
6. The language of literacy: Standard language or world languages?
7. The oral-written language: A continuum or a difference
8. New directions in literacy studies
8.1 The new literacy studies
8.2 Textual domains and new media of communication
8.3 Scriptal Economies and the politics of written language


Mass Media
Andreas H. Jucker
1. Introduction and defenition
2. The communicative situation
2.1 Producers
2.2 Periodicity and accessibility
2.3 Recipients
2.4 Interaction and interactivity
2.5 Delinearization and modularization
3. Manipulation and ideology
4. Conversations for an overhearing audience
4.1 Pragmatic reliability of data
4.2 Typology of dialogues for an overhearing audience
5. Diachronic aspects


Rhetoric
Manfred Kienpointner
1. Introduction
2. The legacy of ancient rhetoric
2.1 Rhetoric in antiquity
2.2 Rhetoric from ancient to modern times
3. Contemporary rhetoric
3.1 The new rhetoric of Perelman & Olbrechts-Tyteca
3.2 New rhetoric as scientific rhetoric
3.3 Normative approaches to rhetoric and argumentation
4. Field of rhetoric
4.1 Techniques of argumentation
4.2 Techniques of formulation
4.3 Techniques of performance
5. The social macro-context of rhetoric
6. Rhetoric and other fields


Signes language pragmatics
Terry Janzen, Barbara Shaffer & Sherman Wilcox
1. The world’s signed languages
1.1 Language and its expression
2. Subjectivity
3. Speech acts
3.1 Direct speech acts
3.2 Performatives
3.3 Indirect speech acts
4. Modality as an expression of subjectivity
4.1 Agent-oriented uses in ASL
4.2 Epistemic uses the role of syntax
4.3 Negative modal concepts
4.4 Historical sources and grammaticization
5. Information flow
5.1 Topic and constituent type
5.2 Topic-comment structure
5.3 Grammatical topics
5.4 Tiered topics and topic scope
5.5 Topic shift
6. Pragmatics and other signed language


Stylistics
Elena Semino & Jonathan Culpeper
1. Literary stylistics
2. General stylistics
3. Conclusion


Translation studies
Christina Schäffer
1. Introduction
2. Linguistic approaches
3. Textlinguistic approaches
4. Functionalist approaches
5. Descriptive Translation Studies and Cultural Studies
6. Psycholinguistic approaches to translation, machine (assisted) translation, corpus studies, (multi) media translation, sociological approaches
7. Conclusion

Index


 

Rak B
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